British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Volume 47, Issue 5 , Pages 374-377 , July 2009

Trends in maxillofacial injuries in women, 2000–2004

  • B. Gerber

      Affiliations

    • Foundation Year One Doctor, Flat 13, 8 Eaton Gardens, Hove, BN3 3TP, United Kingdom
    • ,
  • N. Ahmad

      Affiliations

    • Foundation Year One Doctor, 42, Witherford Way, Selly Oak, Birmingham, B29 4AX, United Kingdom
    • ,
  • S. Parmar

      Affiliations

    • Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, UHB NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Queen Elizabeth Medical Centre, Birmingham, B15 2TH, United Kingdom
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +44 121 472 1311; fax: +44 121 627 8893.

,Accepted 16 September 2008.

References 

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  2. The Home Office. The British Crime Survey 03/04. Available from URL: http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/index.htm.
  3. Shepherd JP, Ali MA, Hughes AO, Levers BG. Trends in urban violence: a comparison of accident department and police records. J R Soc Med. 1993;86:87–89
  4. Shepherd JP. Violence in healthcare, understanding, preventing and surviving violence: a practical guide for health professionals. 2nd ed. Oxford: Open University Press; 2001;
  5. Sivarajasingam V, Shepherd J, Matthews K, Jones S. Trends in violence in England and Wales 1995–2000: an accident and emergency perspective. J Public Health Med. 2002;24:219–226
  6. Hutchison IL, Magennas P, Shepherd J, Brown AE. The BAOMS United Kingdom Survey of Facial Injuries Part 1: aetiology and the association with alcohol consumption. British Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons,. Br J Oral Maxillofacial Surg. 1998;36:3–13
  7. The Home Office Statistics and Information. Available at URL: www.homeoffice.gov.uk.
  8. The Drink Aware Trust: The Portman group. Available at URL: www.portman-group.org.uk.
  9. Thornton DJA, Timmons MJ, Majundera S, Kranidhiotis NM. The impact of violent injuries on an NHS plastic surgery unit. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2003;85:355–357
  10. Shepherd J, Irish M, Scully C, Leslie I. Alcohol intoxication and severity of injury in victims of assault. BMJ. 1988;296:1299
  11. Shepherd JP, Gayford JJ, Leslie IJ, Scully C. Female victims of assault. A study of hospital attenders. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 1998;16:233–237
  12. Armitage P, Berry G, Matthews JN. Statistical methods in medical research. 4th ed. Oxford: Blackwell; 2001;
  13. Wright J, Kariya A. Characteristic of female victims of assault attending a Scottish accident and emergency department. J Accid Emerg Med. 1997;14:375–378
  14. Ochs HA, Neuenschwander MC, Dodson TB. Are head, neck and facial injuries markers of domestic violence?. J Am Dent Assoc. 1996;127:757–761
  15. Shepherd JP, Al-Kotany MY, Subadan C, Scully C. Assault and facial soft tissue injuries. Br J Plast Surg. 1987;40:614–619
  16. Shepherd JP, Shapland M, Pearce NX, Scully C. Pattern, severity and aetiology of injuries in victims of assault. J R Soc Med. 1990;83:75–78
  17. Warburton AL, Shepherd JP. Alcohol related violence and the role of oral and maxillofacial surgeons in multi-agency prevention. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2002;31:657–663

PII: S0266-4356(08)00506-8

doi: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2008.09.006

British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Volume 47, Issue 5 , Pages 374-377 , July 2009

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