Abstract
Our aim was to find out the prevalence of oral clefts in Madagascar, to compare it
with elsewhere in the world, and to give the possible cause of the particular rate
in the Vakinankaratra region where Antsirabe is situated. Data were collected from
birth registers from 1998 to 2007 in the 10 most important hospitals of the 6 former
provinces and of Antsirabe. A total of 150,973 consecutive live births were recorded
in the 6 provinces, and 175,981 including those from Antsirabe. The general birth
prevalence of oral clefts was 0.48‰ (about 1/2100, n = 150,973) which was made up of 0.23‰, 0.12‰, and 0.11‰ for cleft lip and palate, isolated
cleft lip, and isolated cleft palate, respectively. Prevalence was greater on the
Central Highlands than in the coastal regions. Higher prevalence rates were found
among girls than boys (64.4% compared with 35.6%, p < 0.01). Of the clefts, 65.5% were unilateral, and left-sided ones were most common
(77.8%). If the results obtained in Antsirabe are also considered, birth prevalence
of oral clefts was 0.92‰ (about 1/1100, n = 175,981) if Antsirabe is included, and 0.41–0.50‰ in the 6 former provinces; rates
of associated, or syndromic, forms, or both, were 21.9% in the 6 provinces and 26.1%
in Antsirabe. Overall, the prevalence of oral clefts in Madagascar does not differ
from that in the rest of the world, except for the sex difference. There was a high
prevalence of oral clefts in general and associated or syndromic forms, or both, in
the Vakinankaratra region. There may be a link between these results and background
high doses of ionising radiation in some areas because of the presence of former uranium
mines. Further research is needed to obtain more precise data.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: July 18, 2011
Accepted:
June 23,
2011
Identification
Copyright
© 2011 The British Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
