Abstract
We investigated the possibilities of angioprotection and the reduction of osteonecrosis
in rats that had been given bisphosphonates. In our experiment, 27 rats were divided
into three groups: Group 1 was injected with saline; Group 2 was given zoledronic
acid for six weeks; and Group 3 was given zoledronic acid for six weeks, with added
doses of sulodexide after three weeks. After that we constructed a model of how the
teeth should be extracted. The velocity of linear blood flow in the periodontal area
of an extracted tooth in rats was studied using laser and high-frequency Doppler ultrasound
(with the application of the vasoactive substance acetylcholine 3% for 1 min). We evaluated changes in the structure of the bony tissues of the head using
computed tomography, comparing the control group with the saline group. A rapid reduction
in microcirculation was detected during the use of zoledronic acid for six weeks.
A smaller reduction in microcirculation was detected after three weeks of treatment
with sulodexide and zoledronic acid. There was a reduction in blood flow in the mucous
membranes and, to a greater extent, in bony tissue. Zoledronic acid causes significant
impairment of the periosteal blood flow to the mucous membranes because of a complex
of disorders, which includes both the cellular component (impaired endothelium-dependent
vasodilation of the mucous membrane vessels) and by reducing the intensity of microcirculation
in the mucous membranes and bony tissues. Sulodexide, however, improves the restoration
of blood flow and reduces the severity of osteonecrosis.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: June 12, 2020
Accepted:
May 26,
2020
Received:
July 25,
2019
Identification
Copyright
© 2020 The British Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
